Multi Nodular Goitre

What is Multinodular Goitre?

Multinodular Goitre (MNG) is when the thyroid gland in your neck gets bigger and has several lumps, called nodules. The thyroid makes hormones that control your metabolism, growth, and development. Even though most of these nodules are not cancerous, it's important to check them to make sure they're not harmful.

What Causes Multinodular Goitre?

Several things can cause Multinodular Goitre, including:

• Iodine Deficiency: Not getting enough iodine in your diet can cause goiter because iodine is needed to make thyroid hormones.
• Genetics: If your family has a history of thyroid problems, you might be more likely to get MNG.
• Thyroid Inflammation: Conditions that cause the thyroid to become inflamed can lead to nodules.
• Hormonal Changes: Changes in hormone levels, especially in women, can contribute to goiter.
• Aging: The risk of developing MNG increases as you get older.

Symptoms of Multinodular Goitre

Most people with MNG don't have any symptoms. If symptoms do occur, they might include:

• A noticeable swelling in the neck
• Feeling of tightness or pressure in the neck
• Difficulty swallowing or breathing if the goitre presses on the windpipe or esophagus
• Changes in your voice, like hoarseness
• Symptoms of too much or too little thyroid hormone (like feeling very tired or very anxious)

How is Multinodular Goitre Treated?

Treatment depends on the size of the goiter, if it causes symptoms, and the test results. Options include:

• Observation: If the goiter is small and not causing problems, the doctor might just monitor it with regular check-ups.
• Medications: Medicines may be given to manage thyroid hormone levels.
• Radioactive Iodine Therapy: This can shrink the goiter and reduce symptoms.
• Surgery: If the goiter is large, causing significant symptoms, or has suspicious nodules, part or all of the thyroid gland may be surgically removed.